Browsing by Subject "Physiology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 30
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Activation of p38 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus
(2003)Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, has been shown to induce profound changes both peripherally and centrally. It has recently been reported that intraperitoneal injection of ... -
Aerobic exercise improves hippocampal function and increases BDNF in the serum of young adult males
(2011)Physical activity has been reported to improve cognitive function in humans and rodents, possibly via a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-regulated mechanism. In this study of human subjects, we have assessed the ... -
The anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, blocks the inhibatory effect of IL-1 beta on long term potentiation - a role for JNK
(2001)Several effects of the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1? (IL-1?), have been described in the central nervous system, and one area of the brain where marked changes have been reported is the hippocampus. Among these ... -
Chronic pre-treatment with memantine prevents amyloid-beta protein-mediated long-term potentiation disruption.
(2013)Previous studies indicate that memantine, a low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, exerted acute protective effects against amyloid-β protein-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, the chronic effects ... -
The cutaneous contribution to adaptive precision grip.
(2004)Only after injury, or perhaps prolonged exposure to cold that is sufficient to numb the fingers, do we suddenly appreciate the complex neural mechanisms that underlie our effortless dexterity in manipulating objects. The ... -
Effect of body tilt on calf muscle performance and blood flow in humans
(American Physiological Society, 2005)To explore the effect of posture on muscle performance, we tested the effects of body tilt angle on the strength, endurance, and fatigue of, and blood flow into, the plantar flexors. Human subjects were fixed to a tilt ... -
Effect of type 2 diabetes on the dynamic response characteristics of leg vascular conductance during exercise
(2011)In this study we tested the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes impairs the dynamic response of leg vascular conductance (LVC) during exercise. LVC (leg blood flow/mean arterial pressure) responses were studied during intermittent ... -
Effects on an acute priming exercise and high-intensity interval training on oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation kinetics in older individuals with type 2 diabetes
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Medicine. Discipline of Physiology, 2021)Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) is consistently reduced in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) of all ages compared with non-diabetic (ND) controls. In middle-aged (between 45 to 60 y) individuals with T2D these reductions ... -
Efficacy of resistance training during adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy in cancer care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(2022)Purpose: To determine the effect of resistance training during adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy in cancer patients on measures of lean mass and muscle strength. Secondary aims were to analyse the prescription ... -
Energy expenditure of standing compared to sitting while conducting office tasks
(2017)This study aimed to investigate the energy expenditure of common office-based tasks. The objectives were to: (a) test the classification of tasks as sedentary or light-intensity physical activity and (b) compare the ... -
Enhanced motor learning following task-concurrent dual transcranial direct current stimulation.
(2013)OBJECTIVE: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) has beneficial effects on motor performance and motor learning in healthy subjects and is emerging as a promising tool for motor ... -
Functional deficits in post-operative adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients
(2020)BACKGROUND: Little or no research currently exists investigating musculoskeletal strength, joint flexibility and cardiopulmonary capacity post-operative adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. PURPOSE: To explore ... -
Golgi phosphoprotein 2 (GOLPH2) is a novel bile acid-responsive modulator of oesophageal cell migration and invasion
(2015)Background: The aetiology of Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) and oesophageal cancer is poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that Golgi structure and function is altered in oesophageal cancer cells. A Golgi-associated ... -
Internal models for bi-manual tasks
(2004)Co-ordinated bi-manual actions form the basis for many everyday motor skills. In this review, the internal model approach to the problem of bi-manual co-ordination is presented. Bi-manual coordinative tasks are often ... -
Is the FTP Test a Reliable, Reproducible and Functional Assessment Tool in Highly-Trained Athletes?
(2019)The aim of the current study was to assess reliability of the Functional Threshold Power test (FTP) and the corresponding intensity sustainable for 1-hour in a "quasi-steady state". Highly-trained athletes (n = 19) completed ... -
Learning and decay of prediction in object manipulation.
(2000)Anticipating the consequences of our own actions is a fundamental component of normal sensorimotor control and is seen, for example, during the manipulation of objects. When one hand pulls on an object held in the other ... -
Mortality in relation to changes in a healthy aging index: The health, aging, and body composition study
(2019-04)Background: Baseline scores on a Healthy Aging Index (HAI), including five key physiologic domains, strongly predict health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize 9-year changes in a HAI and explore their relationship ... -
Physiological changes following a 12 week gym based stair-climbing, elliptical trainer and treadmill running program in females
(Minerva Medica, 2004)Despite the growing popularity of the elliptical trainer aerobic exercise modality the physiological changes induced following a training program using elliptical trainers remains unknown. Donne investigates the metabolic ...