Browsing by Subject "Immunology, Inflammation & Infection"
Now showing items 1-20 of 834
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2020 international consensus on ANCA testing beyond systemic vasculitis
(2020)This document follows up on a 2017 revised international consensus on anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) testing in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis and focuses on the clinical and ... -
α-TLR2 antibody attenuates the Aβ-mediated inflammatory response in microglia through enhanced expression of SIGIRR.
(2015)The immunoregulatory function of single-Ig-interleukin-1 related receptor (SIGIRR) is derived from its ability to constrain the inflammatory consequences of interleukin (IL)-1R and toll-like receptor (TLR)4 activation. ... -
A46R and A52R from vaccinia virus are antagonists of host IL-1 and toll-like receptor signaling
(2000)Poxviruses employ many strategies to evade and neutralize the host immune response. In this study, we have identified two vaccinia virus ORFs, termed A46R and A52R, that share amino acid sequence similarity with the Toll/IL-1 ... -
Absence of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 1 Affects Apoptosis in Thymocytes, Thymocyte/T-Cell profile and Peripheral T-Cell Number
(Elsevier, 2010)Our laboratory has previously demonstrated the presence of constitutively expressed mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in mouse thymocytes. In our endeavours to understand the role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in ... -
ACE gene I/D polymorphism and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients: a metanalysis
(2021)Background Hypertension and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. On the other hand, homozygous ACE deletion polymorphism (DD) has been associated with these two diseases and risk of acute ... -
Acidosis significantly alters immune checkpoint expression profiles of T cells from oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients
(2023)Tumour acidosis contributes to cancer progression by inhibiting anti-tumour immunity. However, the effect of acidosis on anti-tumour T cell phenotypes in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is unknown. Therefore, this study ... -
Activated Factor X signaling via protease-activated receptor 2 suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine prodution from LPS-stimulated myeloid cells.
(2014)Vitamin K-dependent proteases generated in response to vascular injury and infection enable fibrin clot formation, but also trigger distinct immuno-regulatory signaling pathways on myeloid cells. Factor Xa, a protease ... -
Activation of host pattern recognition receptors by viruses
(2010)Viral recognition by the host innate immune system has become an exciting and growing area of research focus in recent years. It is now apparent that multiple pattern recognition receptor (PRR) families, including Toll-like ... -
Activation of human invariant natural killer T cells with a thioglycoside analogue of ?-galactosylceramide
(2011)Activation of CD1d-restricted invariant NKT (iNKT) cells with the glycolipid ?-galactosylceramide (?-GalCer) confers protection against disease in murine models, however, clinical trials in humans have had limited impact. ... -
Activation of mixed glia by A-beta-specific Th1 and Th17 cells and its regulation by Th2 cells
(2010)Microglia are innate immune cells of the CNS, that act as antigen-presenting cells (APC) for antigen-specific T cells and respond to inflammatory stimuli, such as amyloid-beta (A?), resulting in the release of neurotoxic ... -
Activation of p38 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus
(2003)Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, has been shown to induce profound changes both peripherally and centrally. It has recently been reported that intraperitoneal injection of ... -
Acute Inflammation Alters Brain Energy Metabolism in Mice and Humans: Role in Suppressed Spontaneous Activity, Impaired Cognition, and Delirium
(2020)Systemic infection triggers a spectrum of metabolic and behavioral changes, collectively termed sickness behavior, which while adaptive, can affect mood and cognition. In vulnerable individuals, acute illness can also ... -
Addition of a Viral Immunomodulatory Domain to Etanercept Generates a Bifunctional Chemokine and TNF Inhibitor
(2020)The inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) through the use of either antibodies or soluble receptors is a highly effective strategy for the clinical control of chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. ... -
Adenosine A(2A) receptors control neuroinflammation and consequent hippocampal neuronal dysfunction.
(2011)The blockade of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) affords a robust neuroprotection in different noxious brain conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying this general neuroprotection are unknown. One possible mechanism ... -
Adhesion, invasion and evasion: the many functions of the surface proteins of Staphylococcus aureus
(2014)Staphylococcus aureus is an important opportunistic pathogen and persistently colonizes about 20% of the human population. Its surface is 'decorated' with proteins that are covalently anchored to the cell wall peptidoglycan. ... -
Adipose tissue invariant NKT cells protect against diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorder through regulatory cytokine production.
(2012)Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are evolutionarily conserved innate T cells that influence inflammatory responses. We have shown that iNKT cells, previously thought to be rare in humans, were highly enriched in ... -
Advances in anti-viral immune defence: revealing the importance of the IFN JAK/STAT pathway.
(Springer, 2017)Interferon-alpha (IFN-a) is a potent anti-viral cytokine, critical to the host immune response against viruses. IFN-a is first produced upon viral detection by pathogen recognition receptors. Following its expression, IFN-a ... -
Advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma.
(2017)Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumour, associated with extremely poor prognosis and although there have been therapeutic advances, treatment options remain limited. This review focuses on the use of immunotherapy, ...