Energy Efficient Dynamic Directional Modulation with Electrically Small Antennas

Abstract

This letter proposes a compact and energy efficient Directional Modulation (DM) scheme for small and power constrained devices (e.g. Internet of Things wireless sensors). The scheme uses a uniform circular array of monopole antennas, with a single radiofrequency (RF) chain and antenna active at a time. The antennas can be located in close proximity, offering significant size reduction. Furthermore, the scheme was demonstrated to operate successfully with an array of 0.6 diameter. The system does not generate additional artificial noise, limiting interference to other systems. Finally, the antenna switching sequence can be randomly generated and without fine-tuned synchronization with the transmitter.