Pharmacokinetics of selected antiretroviral and antimalarial drugs in Ugandan adults
Citation:
Pauline Byakika-Kibwika, 'Pharmacokinetics of selected antiretroviral and antimalarial drugs in Ugandan adults', [thesis], Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2011, pp 248Abstract:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria are two major infectious diseases causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The two have overlapping geographical distribution in sub-Saharan Africa, where over 90% of the world malaria burden and 68% of the global HIV burden occur. Infection with HIV increases risk of malaria infection Severe malaria and death occur with higher frequency in HIV-infected individuals. There has been a roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for malaria treatment. To facilitate ART scale-up, less expensive generic ART formulations are widely prescribed. While these facilitate rapid scale-up, their quality and bioequivalence need to be monitored to ensure long term success of ART regimens. Highly active ART is a combination of at least three active antiretroviral drugs from at least two different pharmacological classes. Combination therapy has potential for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions which may result in high plasma drug concentrations causing excessive toxicity or sub-therapeutic concentrations leading to treatment failure with risk for development of resistance. Treatment of HIV-malaria co-infected patients receiving ART with ACT creates potential for drug interactions. This thesis presents a series of intensive pharmacokinetic studies evaluating the pharmacokinetic profiles and drug interactions of some ART and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) which is the first-line ACT in Uganda and a description of the pharmacokinetic profile and clinical response to intravenous (IV) artesunate.
Author: Byakika-Kibwika, Pauline
Advisor:
Merry, ConceptaQualification name:
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)Publisher:
Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsNote:
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